Sunan Abu Dawud Hadith No 2966 - Sunan Abu Dawud 2966

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Sunan Abu Dawud

chapter_name of Sunan Abu Dawud is from Chapter No. 1, chapter_name, written by Abu Dawud Al-Sijistani. This chapter contains 000 hadiths, specifically hadiths about The chapter_name. The Sunan Abu Dawud collection encompasses a total of fifty-two chapters and 4800 hadiths.

Chapter Name

Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Book Name

Sunan Abi Dawud by Abu Dawud Al-Sijistani

Book Writer

Abu Dawud Al-Sijistani

Chapter No

Numbers Of Hadith In Chapter

161

Translation

Arabic, english and urdu

Narrated Al-Zuhri: Umar said explaining the verse: What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from them - for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry this belonged specially to the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم: lands of 'Urainah, Fadak, and so-and-so. What Allah as bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from the people of the townships - belong to Allah - to the Messenger, and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the wayfarer, to the indigent emigrants, those who were expelled from their homes and their property, and to those who, before them, had homes (in Madina), and had adopted the faith, and to those who came after them. This verse completely covered all the people ; they remained no one from Muslims but he had his right in it, or share (according to Ayyub's version) except the slaves.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَنَا أَيُّوبُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ قَالَ عُمَرُ:‏‏‏‏ وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ سورة الحشر آية 6، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ عُمَرُ:‏‏‏‏ هَذِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَاصَّةً قُرَى عُرَيْنَةَ فَدَكَ وَكَذَا وَكَذَا مَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ سورة الحشر آية 7، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَلَلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُوا الدَّارَ وَالإِيمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ فَاسْتَوْعَبَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ النَّاسَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ أَيُّوبُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَوْ قَالَ حَظٌّ:‏‏‏‏ إِلَّا بَعْضَ مَنْ تَمْلِكُونَ مِنْ أَرِقَّائِكُمْ.

ابن شہاب زہری کہتے ہیں (عمر رضی اللہ عنہ) نے کہا اللہ نے فرمایا: «وما أفاء الله على رسوله منهم فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب» جو مال اللہ نے اپنے رسول کو عنایت فرمایا، اور تم نے اس پر اپنے گھوڑے اور اونٹ نہیں دوڑائے ( سورۃ الحشر: ۶ ) زہری کہتے ہیں: عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے کہا: اس آیت سے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے لیے عرینہ کے چند گاؤں جیسے فدک وغیرہ خاص ہوئے، اور دوسری آیتیں «‏‏‏‏ما أفاء الله على رسوله من أهل القرى فلله وللرسول ولذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين وابن السبيل» گاؤں والوں کا جو ( مال ) اللہ تعالیٰ تمہارے لڑے بھڑے بغیر اپنے رسول کے ہاتھ لگائے وہ اللہ کا ہے اور رسول کا اور قرابت والوں کا اور یتیموں، مسکینوں کا اور مسافروں کا ہے ( سورۃ الحشر: ۷ ) ، اور «للفقراء الذين أخرجوا من ديارهم وأموالهم» ( فئی کا مال ) ان مہاجر مسکینوں کے لیے ہے جو اپنے گھروں سے اور اپنے مالوں سے نکال دئیے گئے ہیں ( سورۃ الحشر: ۸ ) «والذين تبوءوا الدار والإيمان من قبلهم» اور ( ان کے لیے ) جنہوں نے اس گھر میں ( یعنی مدینہ ) اور ایمان میں ان سے پہلے جگہ بنا لی ہے ( سورۃ الحشر: ۹ ) «والذين جاءوا من بعدهم» اور ( ان کے لیے ) جو ان کے بعد آئیں ( سورۃ الحشر: ۱۰ ) تو اس آیت نے تمام لوگوں کو سمیٹ لیا کوئی ایسا مسلمان باقی نہیں رہا جس کا مال فیٔ میں حق نہ ہو۔ ایوب کہتے ہیں: یا «فيها حق» کے بجائے،، «فيها حظ» کہا، سوائے بعض ان چیزوں کے جن کے تم مالک ہو ( یعنی اپنے غلاموں اور لونڈیوں کے ) ۔

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Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: Malik ibn Aws al-Hadthan said: One of the arguments put forward by Umar was that he said that the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم received three things exclusively to himself: Banu an-Nadir, Khaybar and Fadak. The Banu an-Nadir property was kept wholly for his emergent needs, Fadak for travellers, and Khaybar was divided by the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم into three sections: two for Muslims, and one as a contribution for his family. If anything remained after making the contribution of his family, he divided it among the poor Emigrants.

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Narrated Aishah, wife of Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم: Fatimah daughter of Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم sent a messenger to Abu Bakr demanding from him in inheritance of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم from what Allah bestowed on him at Madina and Fadak, and what remained of the fifth of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم has said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property. I swear by Allah I shall not change it from the former condition of its being sadaqah as it was in the time of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. I shall deal with it as the Messenger of Allah dealt with it. Abu Bakr, therefore, refused to give anything to Fatimah from it.

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Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: Fatimah was demanding (the property of) sadaqah of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم at Madina and Fadak, and what remained from the fifth of Khaybar. Aishah quoted Abu Bakr as saying: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: We are not inherited; whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property, that is, from the property of Allah. They will not take more then their sustenance.

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Narrating the above tradition, Aishah added: Abu Bakr refused that to her. Her said: I am not going to leave anything the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم used to do but I shall carry it out. I fear if I depart a little from his practice, I shall diverge (from the right path). As regards his sadaqah (property) at Madina, Umar had given it to Ali ad Abbas (Allah be pleased with them), and Ali dominated it. As for Khaibar and Fadak, Umar retained them. He said: They were the sadaqah (property) of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم, exclusively reserved for his purposes that happened, and for his emergent needs. Their management was assigned to the one who was in authority. He said: They are in that condition to the present day.

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Al-Zuhri, explaining the verse For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry said: The Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم concluded the treaty of peace with the people of Fadak and townships which he named which I could not remember ; he blockaded some other people who sent a message to him for capitulation. He said: For this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry means without fighting. Al-Zuhri said: The Banu al-Nadir property was exclusively kept for the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم ; they did not conquer it by fighting, but conquered it by capitulation. To Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم divided it among the Emigrants. He did not give anything to the Helpers except two men were needy.

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Narrated Umar ibn Abdul Aziz: Al-Mughirah (ibn Shubah) said: Umar ibn Abdul Aziz gathered the family of Marwan when he was made caliph, and he said: Fadak belonged to the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم, and he made contributions from it, showing repeated kindness to the poor of the Banu Hashim from it, and supplying from it the cost of marriage for those who were unmarried. Fatimah asked him to give it to her, but he refused. That is how matters stood during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم till he passed on (i. e. died). When Abu Bakr was made ruler he administered it as the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم had done in his lifetime till he passed on. Then when Umar ibn al-Khattab was made ruler he administered it as they had done till he passed on. Then it was given to Marwan as a fief, and it afterwards came to Umar ibn Abdul Aziz. Umar ibn Abdul Aziz said: I consider I have no right to something which the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم refused to Fatimah, and I call you to witness that I have restored it to its former condition; meaning in the time of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. Abu Dawud said: When Umar bin Abd al-Aziz was made caliph its revenue was forty thousand dinars, and when he died its revenue was four hundred dinars. Had he remained alive, it would have been less than it.